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pupil power

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1 pupil power

n

potere m studentesco

English-Italian dictionary > pupil power
2 power

power [ˈpaʊə^r]

1. noun

   a. ( = ability) pouvoir m ; ( = faculty) faculté f

• he did everything in his power to help us il a fait tout son possible pour nous aider

• it is beyond her power to save him elle est impuissante à le sauver

• he lost the power of speech il a perdu (l'usage de) la parole

• mental powers facultés fpl mentales

• his powers of persuasion son pouvoir de persuasion

• purchasing power pouvoir m d'achat

   b. ( = force) [of person, blow, sun] force f

• the power of love/thought la force de l'amour/de la pensée

• air power puissance f aérienne

   c. ( = authority) pouvoir m

• the power of the President le pouvoir du Président

• pupil power le pouvoir des lycéens

• he has the power to act il a le pouvoir d'agir

• at the height of his power à l'apogée de son pouvoir

• to have power over sb avoir autorité sur qn

• to have sb in one's power avoir qn en son pouvoir

• in power [party] au pouvoir

• to come to power accéder au pouvoir

• the power behind the throne l'éminence f grise

• the powers that be les autorités fpl constituées

   d. ( = energy) énergie f ; ( = output) rendement m ; ( = electricity) électricité f, courant m

• nuclear power l'énergie f nucléaire

• they cut off the power ils ont coupé le courant

• a cheap source of power une source d'énergie bon marché

   e. [of engine, device] puissance f

• microwave on full power for a minute faites chauffer au micro-ondes à puissance maximale pendant une minute

• the ship returned to port under her own power le navire est rentré au port par ses propres moyens

   f. it did me a power of good (inf) ça m'a fait un bien immense

2. transitive verb

faire marcher

• a car powered by a battery une voiture qui marche sur batterie

3. compounds

► power-assisted adjective assisté

► power base noun réseau m d'influence

► power cable noun câble m électrique

► power cut noun (British) coupure f de courant

► power failure noun panne f de courant

► power game noun (British) jeu m de pouvoir

► power line noun ligne f à haute tension

► power of attorney noun procuration f

► power pack noun bloc m d'alimentation

► power plant noun ( = building) centrale f (électrique)

► power play noun ( = attack) attaque f en force ; ( = struggle) épreuve f de force

► power point noun (British) prise f de courant

► power sharing noun partage m du pouvoir

► power station noun centrale f (électrique)

► power steering noun direction f assistée

► power struggle noun lutte f pour le pouvoir

► power supply noun alimentation f électrique

► power tool noun outil m électrique

► power down separable transitive verb

[+ computer] éteindre

► power up separable transitive verb

[+ computer] allumer

* * *
['paʊə(r)] 1.
noun

1) gen, Politics ( control) pouvoir m

to be in/come to power — être/accéder au pouvoir

to be in somebody's power — être à la merci de quelqu'un

2) ( strength) puissance f

3) ( influence) influence f ( over sur)

4) ( capability) pouvoir m

to do everything in one's power — faire tout ce qui est en son pouvoir ( to do pour faire)

to lose the power of speech — perdre l'usage de la parole

to be at the height of one's powers — gen avoir atteint la plénitude de ses moyens; [artist] être au sommet de son art

5) [U] ( also powers) ( authority) attributions fpl

police powers — les attributions de la police

6) ( physical force) (of person, explosion) force f; ( of storm) violence f

7) Physics, Technology, gen énergie f; ( current) courant m

to switch on the power — mettre le courant

8) (of vehicle, plane) puissance f

to be running at full/half power — fonctionner à plein/mi-régime

9) ( magnification) puissance f

10) Mathematics

8 to the power of 3 — 8 puissance 3

11) ( country) puissance f
2.
noun modifier Technology, Electricity [ drill, circuit, cable] électrique; [ steering, brakes] assisté; [ mower] à moteur; [ shovel] mécanique; [breakfast, lunch] de travail
3.
transitive verb faire marcher [engine]; propulser [plane, boat]

powered by — propulsé par [engine]; alimenté par [electricity, gas, generator]

••

to do somebody a power of good — faire à quelqu'un un bien fou

the powers of darkness — les puissances des ténèbres

the powers that be — les autorités

English-French dictionary > power
3 pupil

pupil [ˈpju:pl]

1. noun

a. (at school) élève mf

b. [of eye] pupille f

2. compounds

► pupil nurse noun (British) élève mf infirmier (- ière)

► pupil power noun pouvoir m des élèves

* * *
['pjuːpɪl]
noun

1) School élève mf

2) Anatomy pupille f

English-French dictionary > pupil
4 pupil

I 'pju:pl noun
(a person who is being taught by a teacher or tutor: The school has 2,000 pupils.) alumno

II 'pju:pl noun
(the round opening in the middle of the eye through which the light passes.)

pupil n alumno

pupil

tr['pjʊːpəl]

noun

1 SMALLANATOMY/SMALL pupila

————————

pupil

tr['pjʊːpəl]

noun

1 SMALLEDUCATION/SMALL alumno,-a

pupil ['pju:pəl] n

1) : alumno m, -na f (de colegio)

2) : pupila f (del ojo)

pupil

n.

• alumno s.m.

• discípulo s.m.

• educando s.m.

• escolar s.m.

• niña s.f.

• pupila s.f.

• pupilo s.m.

'pjuːpəl, 'pjuːpɪl
noun

1) ( Educ) alumno, -na m,f, educando, -da m,f (frml)

2) ( of eye) pupila f

I ['pjuːpl]
1. N

1) (in school) alumno(-a) m / f, educando(-a) m / f frm

• last year pupil numbers increased by 46,100 — el año pasado hubo un aumento de 46.100 en el número total de alumnos

• pupil- teacher ratio — proporción f de alumnos por maestro
teacher-pupil ratio
2) [of musician, artist etc] alumno(-a) m / f, discípulo(-a) m / f

2.

CPD

pupil power N — poder m de los alumnos

II

['pjuːpl]
N (Anat) pupila f
* * *
['pjuːpəl, 'pjuːpɪl]
noun

1) ( Educ) alumno, -na m,f, educando, -da m,f (frml)

2) ( of eye) pupila f

English-spanish dictionary > pupil
5 pupil

pupil ['pju:pəl]

1 noun

(a) School élève mf

(b) Law (minor ward) pupille mf

(c) Anatomy pupille f

2 compound-forming noun

School (participation, power) des élèves

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > pupil
6 drive

I 1. [draɪv]
nome

1) (car journey)

to go for a drive — andare a fare un giro in auto

it's only five minutes' drive from here — è solo a cinque minuti d'auto da qui

it's a 40 km drive to the hospital — ci sono 40 km (di strada) fino all'ospedale

2) (campaign, effort) campagna f., sforzo m. ( against contro; for, towards per; to do per fare)

3) (motivation, energy) iniziativa f., energia f.; (inner urge) pulsione f., istinto m.

the drive to win — la volontà di vincere

4) inform. drive m., unità f.

5) mecc. trasmissione f.

6) (path) (of house) vialetto m., strada f. privata

7) sport (in golf) drive m., colpo m. lungo; (in tennis) drive m., diritto m.
2.
modificatore mecc. [ mechanism] di trasmissione
II 1. [draɪv]
verbo transitivo (pass. drove; p.pass. driven)

1) [ driver] guidare, condurre [car, bus, train]; pilotare [ racing car]; trasportare [cargo, load, passenger]; percorrere (in auto) [ distance]

to drive sb. home — portare a casa qcn. (in auto)

to drive sth. into — portare qcs. dentro [garage, space]

2) (force, compel) [poverty, urge] spingere [ person] ( to do a fare)

he was driven to drink — fu spinto all'alcolismo (by da)

to be driven out of business — essere costretto a cessare l'attività, a ritirarsi dagli affari

to drive sb. mad o crazy — colloq. fare impazzire o diventare matto qcn. (anche fig.)

3) (chase or herd) spingere, condurre [herd, cattle]; spingere [ game]

he was driven from o out of the country — fu cacciato dal paese

4) (power, propel) azionare, fare funzionare [engine, pump]

what drives the economy? — qual è il motore dell'economia?

5) (push) [tide, wind] spingere, sospingere [boat, clouds]; [ person] piantare, conficcare [ nail]

to drive sth. into sb.'s head — fig. fare entrare qcs. nella testa di qcn., ficcare qcs. in testa a qcn

6) (force to work hard) incalzare, fare lavorare sodo [pupil, recruit]

7) sport (in golf) colpire, tirare con un driver [ ball]; (in tennis) colpire di diritto [ ball]
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass. drove; p.pass. driven)

1) aut. guidare

I took pictures as we drove along — feci delle foto mentre viaggiavamo in auto

you can't drive along the High Street — non è possibile percorrere in auto la via principale

to drive to work — andare a lavorare in auto

to drive into — entrare (con l'auto) in [garage, space]; andare a sbattere contro [tree, lamppost]

to drive up, down a hill — salire su, scendere da una collina (in auto)

to drive past — passare (con l'auto)

2) sport (in golf) fare un drive; (in tennis) tirare di diritto, fare un drive
3.
verbo riflessivo

1) aut.

the Minister drives himself — il ministro in persona guida l'auto

2) (push oneself)

to drive oneself to do — sforzarsi di fare

to drive oneself too hard — sforzarsi troppo

•

- drive at

- drive away

- drive back

- drive off

- drive on

- drive out

* * *
1. past tense - drove; verb
1) (to control or guide (a car etc): Do you want to drive (the car), or shall I?) guidare

2) (to take, bring etc in a car: My mother is driving me to the airport.) portare

3) (to force or urge along: Two men and a dog were driving a herd of cattle across the road.) spingere innanzi

4) (to hit hard: He drove a nail into the door; He drove a golf-ball from the tee.) battere; scagliare

5) (to cause to work by providing the necessary power: This mill is driven by water.) azionare
2. noun
1) (a journey in a car, especially for pleasure: We decided to go for a drive.) gita in automobile

2) (a private road leading from a gate to a house etc: The drive is lined with trees.) viale d'accesso, strada privata

3) (energy and enthusiasm: I think he has the drive needed for this job.) energia

4) (a special effort: We're having a drive to save electricity.) campagna

5) (in sport, a hard stroke (with a golf-club, a cricket bat etc).) colpo

6) ((computers) a disk drive.) drive, lettore, unità

•

- driver
- driver's license
- drive-in
- drive-through
- driving licence
- be driving at
- drive off
- drive on
* * *
drive /draɪv/
n.

1 giro (o viaggio) in macchina: to go for a drive, fare un giro in macchina; to take sb. for a drive, portare q. a fare un giro in macchina; It's two hours' drive there and back, ci sono due ore di macchina per andare e venire; a long and boring drive, un viaggio in macchina lungo e noioso; a 50 mile drive, un percorso in macchina di 50 miglia; The mountains are a short drive away, ci vuole poco in macchina per andare in montagna; a drive in the country [along the coast], un giro in macchina in campagna [lungo la costa]

2 strada carrozzabile; (spec.) viale, vialetto ( di una casa): The house is reached by means of a tree-lined drive, si raggiunge la casa per mezzo di un viale alberato

3 ( in nomi di vie) «drive»: 4 Privet Drive, Privet Drive No 4

4 [u] determinazione, volontà: the drive to succeed, la volontà di riuscire; You need a lot of drive to succeed in business, ci vuole molta determinazione per riuscire in affari

5 [uc] (psic.) pulsione, impulso: basic human drives, le pulsioni fondamentali dell'essere umano; the sex drive, l'impulso sessuale

6 [u] aspirazione: the drive for peace, l'aspirazione alla pace; the drive for perfection [improvement, change], l'aspirazione alla perfezione [al miglioramento, al cambiamento]

7 ( anche comm.) sforzo collettivo, campagna: a recruitment [sales] drive, una campagna di assunzioni [di vendite]; an export drive, una campagna per promuovere le esportazioni; a concerted drive to raise the firm's profile, una campagna comune per far salire il profilo dell'azienda

8 (comput.) drive; ( anche) lettore, unità: hard ( disk) drive, hard disk, disco fisso; disk drive, unità disco

9 ( sport) colpo ( dato a una palla); ( tennis) diritto, drive; ( calcio) tiro; ( golf) colpo lungo, drive; ( pallavolo) attacco, schiacciata: drive against the post, palo ( il tiro sul montante); drive at goal, tiro in porta; drive down the sideline, lungolinea (sost.)

10 [uc] (autom.) guida ( il meccanismo, lo sterzo): left-hand drive, guida a sinistra ( negli automezzi dei paesi in cui il traffico tiene la destra); right-hand drive, guida a destra ( negli automezzi dei paesi in cui il traffico tiene la sinistra)

11 [uc] (autom., mecc.) trazione: front-[rear-]wheel drive, trazione anteriore [posteriore]; four-wheel drive, trazione integrale

12 [uc] (mecc.) comando trasmissione; presa: belt drive, trasmissione a cinghia; direct drive, presa diretta

13 battuta di caccia; inseguimento

14 (mil.) attacco; offensiva

15 [uc] (ind. min.) scavo di galleria; avanzamento; ( anche) galleria in direzione

16 (ingl.: nei giochi di carte) torneo: a whist drive, un torneo di whist

● drive belt, cinghia di trasmissione □ (mecc.) drive gear, ingranaggio conduttore □ (elettr.) drive pulse, impulso di comando □ (mecc.) drive screw, vite autofilettante □ (mecc.) drive wheel, ruota motrice.
♦ (to) drive /draɪv/
(pass. drove, p. p. driven)

A v. t.

1 guidare ( un veicolo); ( sport) pilotare: to drive a car [a van, a bus, a train], guidare una macchina [un furgone, un autobus, un treno]; to drive a racing car, pilotare una vettura da corsa; What do you drive?; che macchina hai?

2 accompagnare, portare (q.) in macchina: to drive sb. home, accompagnare q. a casa in macchina; Can you drive me to the office?, puoi portarmi in macchina in ufficio?

3 (fig.) spingere, portare (q. a qc.): to drive sb. to drink, spingere q. a bere (o a darsi all'alcol); to drive sb. to suicide, spingere q. al suicidio; to drive sb. to despair, portare q. alla disperazione; His insane jealousy drove her to leave him, la sua folle gelosia l'ha spinta a lasciarlo; High interest rates drove them to bankruptcy, gli alti tassi di interesse li hanno portati al fallimento; ( anche fig.) to drive sb. crazy (o mad) fare impazzire q.; (fam.) to drive sb. nuts (o round the bend, round the twist, up the wall) fare impazzire q.

4 spingere, motivare: He is driven by a need to outshine his older brother, è motivato dal bisogno di superare il fratello più grande; I want to find out what drives him, voglio scoprire cos'è che lo motiva; His novels are driven by plot rather than character, i suoi romanzi sono incentrati più sulla trama che sui personaggi

5 condurre un gregge (o una mandria) di: to drive sheep [cattle], condurre un gregge di pecore [una mandria di bovini]

6 (fig.) far lavorare (duro): He drives his employees hard, fa lavorare duro i suoi dipendenti; She drives herself too hard, si dà troppo da fare

7 ( sport) battere, scagliare; ( calcio) spedire ( la palla); ( tennis) colpire di diritto; ( golf) colpire con un driver: ( baseball) The batter drove the ball into the bleachers, il battitore ha scagliato la palla nelle gradinate

8 conficcare, piantare: to drive a stake into the ground [a nail into a wall], piantare un palo per terra [un chiodo nel muro]

9 scavare: to drive a tunnel through a mountain, scavare una galleria attraverso un monte

10 sospingere: The storm drove the boat onto the reef, la tempesta ha sospinto la barca sulla scogliera

11 fare andare, cacciare: The enemy were driven out of the town, i nemici sono stati cacciati dalla città; They drove the animals away by shouting and waving their arms, hanno mandato via gli animali urlando e agitando le braccia; Heavy rain drove them inside, la forte pioggia li ha fatti rientrare in casa; Thousands were driven from their home, migliaia di persone sono state costrette a lasciare la loro casa; Lots of holidaymakers were driven away by the bad weather, il cattivo tempo ha fatto partire in tutta fretta molti vacanzieri

12 (di solito al passivo) azionare; far funzionare: The turbines are driven by water, le turbine sono azionate dall'acqua

13 ( nella caccia) stanare ( la selvaggina); battere ( un terreno)

B v. i.

1 (autom.) guidare: He's learning to drive, sta imparando a guidare; Let me drive, please!, fa' guidare me, per favore; I can't drive, non so guidare; He drives very well [too fast], guida molto bene [troppo forte]; Shall we drive back?, torniamo indietro?; He drove into a wall, è andato a sbattere con la macchina contro un muro; to drive out of the garage, uscire dal garage

2 andare ( con un veicolo privato); andare in macchina: Shall we drive or walk?, andiamo in macchina o a piedi?; They drove to the airport, sono andati all'aeroporto in macchina; We got into the car and drove home, siamo saliti in macchina e siamo andati a casa; I don't drive anymore into town, there's never anywhere to park, non vado più in centro in macchina, non si trova mai parcheggio; After waiting for five minutes, the taxi-driver drove away, dopo avere aspettato cinque minuti, il tassista è andato via

3 ( di veicolo) andare: The car drove into a lamppost, la macchina è andata a sbattere contro un lampione

4 ( della pioggia, ecc.) cadere (forte); battere: The snow was driving down, nevicava forte; Rain was driving against the windows, la pioggia batteva contro le finestre

5 (mil.) spingersi; addentrarsi: Napoleon drove ( ahead) into the plains of Russia, Napoleone si addentrò nelle pianure della Russia

6 (ind. min.) avanzare ( con lo scavo)

7 (naut., spesso to drive along) correre in poppa; fuggire il tempo

● to drive oneself, guidare: She can't drive herself any more, her daughter has to do it, non può più guidare, deve accompagnarla sua figlia □ ( slang USA) to drive the big (o the porcelain) bus, vomitare nella toilette □ (ingl.) to drive a coach and horses through st., mostrare chiaramente tutte le falle di qc.: This verdict drives a coach and horses through the legislation, questo verdetto mostra chiaramente tutte le falle della legislazione □ (autom., GB) to drive with excess alcohol, guidare in stato di ebbrezza □ to drive st. home, chiarire (bene) qc.: to drive home one's point, chiarire bene il proprio punto di vista; I drove home to them what the problem was, gli ho fatto capire qual era il problema □ to drive a hard bargain, fare un accordo molto vantaggioso □ to drive a wedge between, seminare zizzania tra □ (fig.) to drive sb. into a corner, mettere q. alle strette (o con le spalle al muro) □ (fig.) to drive st. into the ground, portare qc. alla rovina: They drove the business into the ground, hanno portato l'azienda alla rovina □ to drive prices through the roof, far salire i prezzi alle stelle.

* * *
I 1. [draɪv]
nome

1) (car journey)

to go for a drive — andare a fare un giro in auto

it's only five minutes' drive from here — è solo a cinque minuti d'auto da qui

it's a 40 km drive to the hospital — ci sono 40 km (di strada) fino all'ospedale

2) (campaign, effort) campagna f., sforzo m. ( against contro; for, towards per; to do per fare)

3) (motivation, energy) iniziativa f., energia f.; (inner urge) pulsione f., istinto m.

the drive to win — la volontà di vincere

4) inform. drive m., unità f.

5) mecc. trasmissione f.

6) (path) (of house) vialetto m., strada f. privata

7) sport (in golf) drive m., colpo m. lungo; (in tennis) drive m., diritto m.
2.
modificatore mecc. [ mechanism] di trasmissione
II 1. [draɪv]
verbo transitivo (pass. drove; p.pass. driven)

1) [ driver] guidare, condurre [car, bus, train]; pilotare [ racing car]; trasportare [cargo, load, passenger]; percorrere (in auto) [ distance]

to drive sb. home — portare a casa qcn. (in auto)

to drive sth. into — portare qcs. dentro [garage, space]

2) (force, compel) [poverty, urge] spingere [ person] ( to do a fare)

he was driven to drink — fu spinto all'alcolismo (by da)

to be driven out of business — essere costretto a cessare l'attività, a ritirarsi dagli affari

to drive sb. mad o crazy — colloq. fare impazzire o diventare matto qcn. (anche fig.)

3) (chase or herd) spingere, condurre [herd, cattle]; spingere [ game]

he was driven from o out of the country — fu cacciato dal paese

4) (power, propel) azionare, fare funzionare [engine, pump]

what drives the economy? — qual è il motore dell'economia?

5) (push) [tide, wind] spingere, sospingere [boat, clouds]; [ person] piantare, conficcare [ nail]

to drive sth. into sb.'s head — fig. fare entrare qcs. nella testa di qcn., ficcare qcs. in testa a qcn

6) (force to work hard) incalzare, fare lavorare sodo [pupil, recruit]

7) sport (in golf) colpire, tirare con un driver [ ball]; (in tennis) colpire di diritto [ ball]
2.
verbo intransitivo (pass. drove; p.pass. driven)

1) aut. guidare

I took pictures as we drove along — feci delle foto mentre viaggiavamo in auto

you can't drive along the High Street — non è possibile percorrere in auto la via principale

to drive to work — andare a lavorare in auto

to drive into — entrare (con l'auto) in [garage, space]; andare a sbattere contro [tree, lamppost]

to drive up, down a hill — salire su, scendere da una collina (in auto)

to drive past — passare (con l'auto)

2) sport (in golf) fare un drive; (in tennis) tirare di diritto, fare un drive
3.
verbo riflessivo

1) aut.

the Minister drives himself — il ministro in persona guida l'auto

2) (push oneself)

to drive oneself to do — sforzarsi di fare

to drive oneself too hard — sforzarsi troppo

•

- drive at

- drive away

- drive back

- drive off

- drive on

- drive out

English-Italian dictionary > drive
7 PPS

1) Компьютерная техника: Parabolic Projection System, precise positioning service

2) Авиация: power plant station

3) Американизм: Partnership For Public Service, Post Postal Service

4) Ботаника: Photosynthetic Pigment Systems

5) Спорт: Prospect Payment System

6) Военный термин: Post-Production Support, Precise Position Service, Precision and Positioning Service, partial pressure sensor, parts provisioning system, personnel processing squadron, personnel/payroll system, photovoltaic power supply, pilot's performance system, plant protection system, prepositioned stock, primary power source, primary power system, primary propulsion system, program planning system, programmable power supply, projected planning system, provisioning performance schedule

7) Техника: Product Process And System, photopolarimeter subsystem, pictures per second, plutonium product storage, polyprocessor system, protons per second

8) Шутливое выражение: Pray Patients Survive

9) Математика: Pattern Probability Strategy, Provider Power Series

10) Метеорология: Probability Proportionate To Size

11) Бухгалтерия: Payment Processing Service, Prospective Payment System

12) Автомобильный термин: accelerator pedal position sensor, ported pressure switch (Ford)

13) Биржевой термин: Price Per Share

14) Геодезия: Principal Point of Symmetry

15) Ирландский язык: (Personal Public Service) Служба Государственного Обеспечения (Ирландия)

16) Телекоммуникации: Packets Per Second, Система с предоплатой

17) Сокращение: Patrulno-Postovaya Sluzhba (Moscow police force unit (Russia)), Photovoltaic Power System, PostPostScriptum, Precision Pointing System, Precision Positioning Service, Program Performance Specifications, Pulse/d Power Supply, Post PostScriptum

18) Университет: Philosophy Paradigm Studies

19) Физиология: Post Polio Syndrome, Preferred Provider Services, Purely Panic Stricken

20) Школьное выражение: Pittsburgh Public School

21) Электроника: Pied Piper Sampling, PolyPhenylene Sulfide (Plastic)

22) Вычислительная техника: Parallel Processing System, personal publishing system, персональная издательская система, Public Packet Switching (network)

23) Нефть: Produetion Parker Setting

24) Банковское дело: привилегированная акция, имеющая преимущество перед другими акциями в случае ликвидации компании (США; prior preferred stock)

25) Транспорт: Progressive Power Steering

26) Фирменный знак: Palmers Pursuit Shop

27) СМИ: Paul's Post Script, Post Post Script

28) Деловая лексика: Please Pay Something, Practical Project Steering, Production Planning And Steering

29) Образование: Pupil Personnel Services

30) Инвестиции: prior preferred stock

31) Сетевые технологии: Protocol And Parameter Selection, packet per second, выполненный шаг процедуры (performed procedure step)

32) Полимеры: polyphenylene sulphide, porous by precipitator and solvent

33) Автоматика: production planning system

34) Пластмассы: Polyphenylene Sulfide

35) Медицинская техника: proportional pressure support (ИВЛ)

36) Макаров: positive phase-sequence

37) Расширение файла: Microsoft Power Point Slide, Personal Producer Storyboard, Power Point Slide, Power Personal Systems (IBM)

38) Нефть и газ: Porosity Permeability Saturation

39) Общественная организация: Partnership for Public Services

40) Должность: Parliamentary Private Secretary, Professional Personal Skills, Professional Protection Specialist

41) NYSE. Post Propertys, Inc.

42) Единицы измерений: Pages Per Side, Participants Per School, Pixels Per Second, Polygons Per Second, Pulses Per Second

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PPS
8 pps

1) Компьютерная техника: Parabolic Projection System, precise positioning service

2) Авиация: power plant station

3) Американизм: Partnership For Public Service, Post Postal Service

4) Ботаника: Photosynthetic Pigment Systems

5) Спорт: Prospect Payment System

6) Военный термин: Post-Production Support, Precise Position Service, Precision and Positioning Service, partial pressure sensor, parts provisioning system, personnel processing squadron, personnel/payroll system, photovoltaic power supply, pilot's performance system, plant protection system, prepositioned stock, primary power source, primary power system, primary propulsion system, program planning system, programmable power supply, projected planning system, provisioning performance schedule

7) Техника: Product Process And System, photopolarimeter subsystem, pictures per second, plutonium product storage, polyprocessor system, protons per second

8) Шутливое выражение: Pray Patients Survive

9) Математика: Pattern Probability Strategy, Provider Power Series

10) Метеорология: Probability Proportionate To Size

11) Бухгалтерия: Payment Processing Service, Prospective Payment System

12) Автомобильный термин: accelerator pedal position sensor, ported pressure switch (Ford)

13) Биржевой термин: Price Per Share

14) Геодезия: Principal Point of Symmetry

15) Ирландский язык: (Personal Public Service) Служба Государственного Обеспечения (Ирландия)

16) Телекоммуникации: Packets Per Second, Система с предоплатой

17) Сокращение: Patrulno-Postovaya Sluzhba (Moscow police force unit (Russia)), Photovoltaic Power System, PostPostScriptum, Precision Pointing System, Precision Positioning Service, Program Performance Specifications, Pulse/d Power Supply, Post PostScriptum

18) Университет: Philosophy Paradigm Studies

19) Физиология: Post Polio Syndrome, Preferred Provider Services, Purely Panic Stricken

20) Школьное выражение: Pittsburgh Public School

21) Электроника: Pied Piper Sampling, PolyPhenylene Sulfide (Plastic)

22) Вычислительная техника: Parallel Processing System, personal publishing system, персональная издательская система, Public Packet Switching (network)

23) Нефть: Produetion Parker Setting

24) Банковское дело: привилегированная акция, имеющая преимущество перед другими акциями в случае ликвидации компании (США; prior preferred stock)

25) Транспорт: Progressive Power Steering

26) Фирменный знак: Palmers Pursuit Shop

27) СМИ: Paul's Post Script, Post Post Script

28) Деловая лексика: Please Pay Something, Practical Project Steering, Production Planning And Steering

29) Образование: Pupil Personnel Services

30) Инвестиции: prior preferred stock

31) Сетевые технологии: Protocol And Parameter Selection, packet per second, выполненный шаг процедуры (performed procedure step)

32) Полимеры: polyphenylene sulphide, porous by precipitator and solvent

33) Автоматика: production planning system

34) Пластмассы: Polyphenylene Sulfide

35) Медицинская техника: proportional pressure support (ИВЛ)

36) Макаров: positive phase-sequence

37) Расширение файла: Microsoft Power Point Slide, Personal Producer Storyboard, Power Point Slide, Power Personal Systems (IBM)

38) Нефть и газ: Porosity Permeability Saturation

39) Общественная организация: Partnership for Public Services

40) Должность: Parliamentary Private Secretary, Professional Personal Skills, Professional Protection Specialist

41) NYSE. Post Propertys, Inc.

42) Единицы измерений: Pages Per Side, Participants Per School, Pixels Per Second, Polygons Per Second, Pulses Per Second

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > pps
9 fail

I [feɪl]
nome

1) (in an examination) bocciatura f.; (mark) insufficienza f.

2) without fail [arrive, do] certamente, sicuramente; [ happen] a colpo sicuro, immancabilmente
II 1. [feɪl]
verbo transitivo

1) essere bocciato a, non passare [exam, driving test]; essere bocciato in [ subject]; bocciare, respingere [candidate, pupil]

2) (omit)

to fail to do — mancare di fare

to fail to keep one's word — mancare di parola

it never fails to work — funziona sempre

to fail to mention that... — dimenticare di dire che

3) (be unable)

to fail to do — non riuscire a fare

one could hardly fail to notice that — non si poteva fare a meno di notare che

4) (let down) abbandonare [ friend]; venir meno agli impegni presi nei confronti di [person, nation]; [ courage] venir meno a, abbandonare [ person]; [ memory] tradire [ person]

words fail me! — sono senza parole! mi mancano le parole!
2.
verbo intransitivo

1) (be unsuccessful) [ exam candidate] essere bocciato, respinto; [attempt, plan] fallire

to fail in one's duty — venir meno al proprio dovere

if all else fails — se tutto il resto dovesse andar male

2) (weaken) [ eyesight] abbassarsi, indebolirsi; [ health] peggiorare; [ person] deperire; [ light] abbassarsi, smorzarsi

3) (not function) [ brakes] guastarsi; [ engine] fermarsi, guastarsi; [ power] mancare, essere interrotto; [ water supply] mancare

4) agr. [ crop] essere scarso

5) (go bankrupt) fallire

6) med. [ heart] arrestarsi

his kidneys failed — ha avuto un blocco renale

* * *
[feil] 1. verb
1) (to be unsuccessful (in); not to manage (to do something): They failed in their attempt; I failed my exam; I failed to post the letter.) fallire, non riuscire

2) (to break down or cease to work: The brakes failed.) guastarsi

3) (to be insufficient or not enough: His courage failed (him).) venire meno

4) ((in a test, examination etc) to reject (a candidate): The examiner failed half the class.) bocciare

5) (to disappoint: They did not fail him in their support.) mancare

•

- failing
2. preposition
(if (something) fails or is lacking: Failing his help, we shall have to try something else.) in mancanza di

- failure
- without fail
* * *
fail /feɪl/
n.

1 bocciatura: a fail in French, una bocciatura in francese

2 [u] fallo: without fail, senza fallo; certamente

● (tecn.) fail-safe, (agg.) di sicurezza; a prova d'errore (o di guasto); fail-safe; (sost.) misura di sicurezza, misura o piano di riserva: fail-safe device, dispositivo ausiliario di sicurezza; dispositivo fail-safe.
♦ (to) fail /feɪl/
A v. i.

1 fallire; andare a vuoto; fare fiasco: to fail in an attempt, fallire in un tentativo; to fail abysmally, fallire clamorosamente; Our plan failed, il nostro piano è fallito (o è stato un fiasco); The wheat crop failed, il raccolto del grano è andato perduto

2 non riuscire: to fail to reach an agreement, non riuscire ad accordarsi; Our team failed to score, la nostra squadra non è riuscita a segnare; He failed to be admitted, non è stato ammesso; I fail to understand why you quit your job, non capisco (o non riesco a capire) perché tu ti sia licenziato; No one can fail to notice that…, non si può non notare che…

3 (+ inf.) trascurare; omettere; mancare; non…: He failed to warn us, trascurò di avvertirci; non ci ha avvertiti; Don't fail to inform us, non mancare di informarci; John failed to turn up, John non si fece vedere; The letter failed to arrive, la letterà non arrivò; You failed to stop at the lights, non ti sei fermato al semaforo; It never fails to irritate me, non manca mai di (o riesce sempre a) irritarmi

4 essere respinto (o bocciato): Many candidates failed, molti candidati sono stati respinti; DIALOGO → - Discussing university- If I fail the exams I might get kicked out of college, se non passo gli esami potrei essere espulso dall'università

5 – to fail in, mancare a; venir meno a: to fail in one's duty, mancare (o venir meno) al proprio dovere

6 – to fail in, essere privo di; mancare di: to fail in imagination, essere privo di fantasia

7 diminuire; scemare; esaurirsi; venir meno; indebolirsi; affievolirsi: Light was failing, la luce stava scemando; Our supplies are failing, le nostre scorte si stanno esaurendo; to be failing fast, esaurirsi in fretta; (rif. a salute) essere sempre più debole, peggiorare velocemente

8 (mecc.) smettere di funzionare; rompersi; guastarsi; andare in panne; fermarsi: The engine has failed, s'è guastato il motore

9 (fin., leg.) fallire

B v. t.

1 respingere; bocciare: I had to fail him, ho dovuto bocciarlo

2 non superare ( un esame); essere respinto (o bocciato) in: to fail one's driving test, non superare l'esame di guida; I failed maths, sono stato bocciato (o mi hanno bocciato) in matematica

3 abbandonare (q.); mancare a; venir meno a; voltare le spalle a; tradire (le aspettative di): His courage failed him, gli è mancato il coraggio; Words fail me, non ho parole; mi mancano le parole; non so cosa dire; I won't fail you, non verrò meno alla tua fiducia; non ti deluderò; non ti abbandonerò

● if all else fails, in mancanza d'altro; alla peggio.
NOTA D'USO: - to fail to do o to fail doing?-
* * *
I [feɪl]
nome

1) (in an examination) bocciatura f.; (mark) insufficienza f.

2) without fail [arrive, do] certamente, sicuramente; [ happen] a colpo sicuro, immancabilmente
II 1. [feɪl]
verbo transitivo

1) essere bocciato a, non passare [exam, driving test]; essere bocciato in [ subject]; bocciare, respingere [candidate, pupil]

2) (omit)

to fail to do — mancare di fare

to fail to keep one's word — mancare di parola

it never fails to work — funziona sempre

to fail to mention that... — dimenticare di dire che

3) (be unable)

to fail to do — non riuscire a fare

one could hardly fail to notice that — non si poteva fare a meno di notare che

4) (let down) abbandonare [ friend]; venir meno agli impegni presi nei confronti di [person, nation]; [ courage] venir meno a, abbandonare [ person]; [ memory] tradire [ person]

words fail me! — sono senza parole! mi mancano le parole!
2.
verbo intransitivo

1) (be unsuccessful) [ exam candidate] essere bocciato, respinto; [attempt, plan] fallire

to fail in one's duty — venir meno al proprio dovere

if all else fails — se tutto il resto dovesse andar male

2) (weaken) [ eyesight] abbassarsi, indebolirsi; [ health] peggiorare; [ person] deperire; [ light] abbassarsi, smorzarsi

3) (not function) [ brakes] guastarsi; [ engine] fermarsi, guastarsi; [ power] mancare, essere interrotto; [ water supply] mancare

4) agr. [ crop] essere scarso

5) (go bankrupt) fallire

6) med. [ heart] arrestarsi

his kidneys failed — ha avuto un blocco renale

English-Italian dictionary > fail
10 transfer

1. transitive verb,
- rr-

1) (move) verlegen (to nach); überweisen [Geld] (to auf + Akk.); transferieren [große Geldsumme]; übertragen [Befugnis, Macht] (to Dat.)

transfer a prisoner to a different gaol — einen Gefangenen in ein anderes Gefängnis verlegen od. überführen

transfer one's allegiance [from somebody] to somebody — [von jemandem] zu jemandem überwechseln

2) übereignen [Gegenstand, Grundbesitz] (to Dat.)

3) versetzen [Arbeiter, Angestellte, Schüler]; (Footb.) transferieren

4) übertragen [Bedeutung, Sinn]
2. intransitive verb,
- rr-

1) (change to continue journey) umsteigen

transfer from Heathrow to Gatwick — zum Weiterflug od. Umsteigen von Heathrow nach Gatwick fahren

2) (move to another place or group) wechseln; [Firma:] übersiedeln
3. noun
1) (moving) Verlegung, die; (of powers) Übertragung, die (to an + Akk.); (of money) Überweisung, die; (of large sums) Transfer, der (Wirtsch.)

2) (of employee, pupil) Versetzung, die; (Footb.) Transfer, der

3) (Amer.): (ticket) Umsteigefahrkarte, die

4) (picture) Abziehbild, das

* * *
[træns'fə:] 1. past tense, past participle - transferred; verb
1) (to remove to another place: He transferred the letter from his briefcase to his pocket.) verlegen

2) (to (cause to) move to another place, job, vehicle etc: I'm transferring / They're transferring me to the Bangkok office.) versetzen

3) (to give to another person, especially legally: I intend to transfer the property to my son.) übertragen
2. noun
(['trænsfə:])

1) (the act of transferring: The manager arranged for his transfer to another football club.) der Wechsel

2) (a design, picture etc that can be transferred from one surface to another, eg from paper to material as a guide for embroidery.) das Abziehbild

•

- academic.ru/76183/transferable">transferable

* * *

trans·fer

I. vt

<- rr->

[træn(t)sˈfɜ:ʳ, AM -ˈfɜ:r]

1. (move)

▪ to \transfer sb/sth jdn/etw transferieren geh

she \transferred her gun from its shoulder holster to her handbag sie nahm ihre Waffe aus dem Schulterhalfter heraus und steckte sie in ihre Handtasche

all passengers were \transferred out of one bus and into another alle Passagiere mussten von einem Bus in einen anderen umsteigen

the goods were \transferred to Cologne die Waren wurden nach Köln übergeführt

to \transfer a drawing/design/pattern eine Zeichnung/ein Design/Muster übertragen

to \transfer sb to a hospital jdn in ein Krankenhaus einweisen

to \transfer money Geld überweisen

2. (re-assign)

▪ to \transfer sb jdn versetzen

▪ to be/get \transferred versetzt werden

▪ to \transfer sth etw übertragen

to \transfer power die Macht abgeben

to \transfer responsibility die Verantwortung übertragen

3. (redirect)

to \transfer anger/hate/mistrust Ärger/Hass/Misstrauen übertragen

to \transfer a call ein Gespräch weiterleiten

to \transfer one's emotions/affections to sb new jd anderem seine Gefühle/Zuneigung schenken

4. (change ownership)

to \transfer a house/property to sb ein Haus/Eigentum auf jdn überschreiben

to \transfer a title einen Titel übertragen

to \transfer rights/claims Rechte/Ansprüche abtreten

5. SPORT (sell)

▪ to \transfer sb jdn verkaufen

6. LING (adapt)

\transferred meaning/use of a word or phrase übertragene Bedeutung/übertragener Gebrauch eines Wortes oder Satzes

II. vi

<- rr->

[træn(t)sˈfɜ:ʳ, AM -fɜ:r]

1. (change jobs) employee überwechseln; (change club, university) wechseln (to in/nach + akk)

2. (change buses, trains) umsteigen

3. (change systems) umstellen

III. n

[ˈtræn(t)sfɜ:ʳ, AM -fɜ:r]

1. no pl (process of moving) of hospital patients, prisoners Verlegung f (to in/nach + akk)

2. (reassignment) of money Überweisung f; of personnel Abordnung f

\transfer of capital Kapitaltransfer m

\transfer of ownership/a title Übertragung f eines Besitzes/Titels

\transfer of rights/claims Abtretung f der Rechte/Ansprüche

\transfer of power Machtübertragung f

\transfer of profits Gewinnverlagerung f

\transfer of technology Technologietransfer m

3. (at work) Versetzung f; of teams, clubs Transfer m

to request a \transfer um Transfer bitten

4. no pl (distribution) Transfer m

\transfer of information Informationstransfer m

5. SPORT (player) Transferspieler(in) m(f)

6. AM (ticket) Umsteige[fahr]karte f, Umsteigebillett nt SCHWEIZ

7. (pattern) Abziehbild nt

* * *
[trns'fɜː(r)]
1. vt
(= move) übertragen (to auf +acc); prisoner überführen (to in +acc), verlegen (to nach); premises, soldiers verlegen (to in +acc, to town nach); soldier, employee versetzen (to in +acc, to town, country nach); (SPORT) player transferieren (to zu), abgeben (to an +acc); (FIN) funds, money überweisen (to auf +acc), transferieren (to nach); account verlegen; stocks transferieren; (JUR) property übertragen, überschreiben (to über +acc); right übertragen (to auf +acc)
he transferred the bigger engine into his old car —

to transfer one's concentration from one task to another — seine Konzentration von einer Aufgabe auf eine andere umstellen

he transferred his capital into gold shares — er investierte sein Kapital in Goldaktien, er legte sein Kapital in Goldaktien an

he transferred the money from the box to his pocket — er nahm das Geld aus der Schachtel und steckte es in die Tasche

the magician had somehow transferred the rabbit from the hat to the box — der Zauberer hatte das Kaninchen irgendwie aus dem Hut in die Kiste praktiziert

she transferred her affections to another man — sie schenkte ihre Zuneigung einem anderen

transferred charge call ( Brit Telec ) — R-Gespräch nt

2. vi

1) (= move) überwechseln (to zu); (to new system, working conditions) umstellen (to auf +acc)

he can easily transfer from one language to another — er kann leicht von einer Sprache auf eine andere überwechseln or umschalten

2) (FIN) umsteigen (into auf +acc)

just before the crash he transferred into government bonds — gerade rechtzeitig vor dem Zusammenbruch stieg er auf Regierungsanleihen um

3) (in travelling) umsteigen (to in +acc); (UNIV) das Studienfach wechseln, umsatteln (inf) (from... to von... auf +acc)

3. n
['trnsfɜː(r)]
1) (= act) Übertragung f; (of prisoner) Überführung f; (of premises, troops) Verlegung f; (of employee) Versetzung f; (SPORT of player) Transfer m, Wechsel m; (FIN of funds, money) Überweisung f; (of account) Verlegung f; (of stocks) Transfer m; (JUR, of property) Überschreibung f; (of right) Übertragung f

he asked for a transfer (soldier, employee) — er bat um Versetzung; (footballer) er bat, auf die Transferliste gesetzt zu werden

2)

(= person transferred) he's a transfer from another regiment — er ist von einem anderen Regiment hierher versetzt or verlegt worden

he's a transfer from Chelsea — er ist von Chelsea hierher gewechselt

Chelsea's latest transfer — Chelseas jüngste Neuerwerbung

3) (= picture) Abziehbild nt

4) (in travelling) Umsteigen nt

5) (= transfer ticket) Umsteige(fahr)karte f

* * *

transfer [trænsˈfɜː; US -ˈfɜr; a. ˈtrænsˌ-]

A v/t

1. hinüberbringen, -schaffen( beide:

from … to von … nach oder zu)

2. übergeben, -mitteln ( beide:

to sb jemandem)

3. Truppen, seinen Wohnsitz etc verlegen (to nach, zu; in, into in akk):

transfer a patient MED einen Patienten überweisen (to an akk);

transfer one’s weight das Gewicht verlagern

4. a) einen Beamten, Schüler versetzen (to nach; in, into in eine andere Schule etc)

b) (to) SPORT einen Spieler transferieren (nach, zu), abgeben (an akk)

5. (to) JUR übertragen (auf akk), zedieren, abtreten (an akk)

6. WIRTSCH

a) eine Summe vortragen

b) einen Posten, ein Wertpapier umbuchen

c) Aktien etc übertragen, umschreiben

7. Geld überweisen (to an jemanden, auf ein Konto)

8. fig seine Zuneigung etc übertragen (to auf akk)

9. fig verwandeln ( into in akk)

10. TYPO einen Druck, Stich übertragen, umdrucken

B v/i

1. (to)

a) übertreten (zu)

b) SPORT wechseln (nach, zu) (Spieler)

2. verlegt werden (to nach, zu; in, into in akk)

3. versetzt werden (to nach; in, into in akk)

4. BAHN etc umsteigen (to in akk)

C s [ˈtrænsfɜː; US -ˌfɜr]

1. Übergabe f, Übermittlung f ( beide:

to an akk)

2. Verlegung f (to nach, zu; in, into in akk):

transfer of weight Gewichtsverlagerung f

3. Versetzung f (to nach; in, into in akk)

4. (to nach, zu) SPORT

a) Transfer m

b) Wechsel m

5. (to) JUR Übertragung f (auf akk), Zession f, Abtretung f (an akk)

6. WIRTSCH

a) (Wertpapier- etc) Umbuchung f

b) (Aktien- etc) Übertragung f, (-)Umschreibung f

7. WIRTSCH (Geld)Überweisung f (to an akk, auf akk):

transfer of foreign exchange Devisentransfer m

8. TYPO

a) Abziehen n, Umdrucken n

b) Abzug m, Umdruck m, Übertragung f

c) Abziehbild n

9. BAHN etc

a) Umsteigen n

b) Umsteigefahrkarte f

c) auch SCHIFF Umschlagplatz m

d) Fährboot n

* * *
1. transitive verb,
- rr-

1) (move) verlegen (to nach); überweisen [Geld] (to auf + Akk.); transferieren [große Geldsumme]; übertragen [Befugnis, Macht] (to Dat.)

transfer a prisoner to a different gaol — einen Gefangenen in ein anderes Gefängnis verlegen od. überführen

transfer one's allegiance [from somebody] to somebody — [von jemandem] zu jemandem überwechseln

2) übereignen [Gegenstand, Grundbesitz] (to Dat.)

3) versetzen [Arbeiter, Angestellte, Schüler]; (Footb.) transferieren

4) übertragen [Bedeutung, Sinn]
2. intransitive verb,
- rr-

1) (change to continue journey) umsteigen

transfer from Heathrow to Gatwick — zum Weiterflug od. Umsteigen von Heathrow nach Gatwick fahren

2) (move to another place or group) wechseln; [Firma:] übersiedeln
3. noun
1) (moving) Verlegung, die; (of powers) Übertragung, die (to an + Akk.); (of money) Überweisung, die; (of large sums) Transfer, der (Wirtsch.)

2) (of employee, pupil) Versetzung, die; (Footb.) Transfer, der

3) (Amer.): (ticket) Umsteigefahrkarte, die

4) (picture) Abziehbild, das

* * *

(from one account to another) v.

umbuchen (Geld zwischen Konten) v. (money to an account) v.

überweisen (Geld auf ein Konto) v. v.

weiterleiten v.

übergeben v.

übertragen v. (to) n.

Umbuchung (Wirtschaft)

(auf) f. n.

Sprung -¨e m.

Verlagerung f.

Verlegung (nach) f.

Überlassung f.

Übertragung f.

English-german dictionary > transfer
11 PD

1) Общая лексика: Project Directorate (SEIC)

2) Компьютерная техника: Physical Device, Platform Dependent, Power Driver, Printer Driver

3) Медицина: прогрессирование заболевания (progression of the disease), protein D, фармакодинамика, перитонеальный диализ

4) Американизм: Proposed Determination, Pseudo Deadline

5) Спорт: Pure Determination

6) Военный термин: Personnel Directorate, Presidential Directive, Primary Detection, Probability of Damage, Process Data, paralyzing dose, passive detection, patrol duty, pay day, per diem, performance demonstration, personnel data, personnel department, personnel division, planning directive, planning document, plans division, point defense, point detonating, point of departure, port of debarkation, power distribution, power-driven, preference for duty, priority designator, priority directive, procurement data, procurement directive, procurement division, production department, professional development, project directive, project document, projected decision, projected display, property damage, proposal development, protective device, provisioning document, proximity detector, purchase description, пороговая токсодоза, Positive Deployment (Exercise Name), Point Detonation (Fuse), Program Director (or Directive)

7) Психиатрия: расстройство личности (personality disorder http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8)

8) Техника: percent detected, periodical, phase detector, photodesorption, photodiode, population density, population distribution, primary detectors, proportionally differential, pulse drive

9) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Density

10) Шутливое выражение: Pesky Demons

11) Химия: Positive Displacement

12) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density), положительно определённый (positive definite), распределение вероятностей (probability distribution)

13) Юридический термин: Pathetically Drunk, Permanent Disability, Public Document, Практическое руководство (Practice Direction) (http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.justice.gov.uk/civil/procrules_fin/menus/rules.htm)

14) Бухгалтерия: Partial Deduction

15) Страхование: Polar distance, physical damage

16) Ветеринария: Prairie Dog

17) Грубое выражение: Paper Doll

18) Оптика: perfect diffuser, prism diopter

19) Политика: Pro Death

20) Телекоммуникации: Propagation Delay, Protocol Discriminator

21) Сокращение: Participatory Design, Passive Defence, Periscope Depth, Phenyldichloroarsine (Chemical warfare blister agent), Pictorial Display, Police Department, Postal District, Pre-digital, Preliminary Design, Principal Directorate (UK), Product / Project Definition, Programme Director (UK), Pulse Duration, Pulse-Doppler (radar), Pulsed Doppler, pick up and delivery, pivoted door, position doubtful, preliminary data, privat-docent, probability of detection, punch die, Peripheral Device, pickup and delivery

22) Университет: Please Dad

23) Физиология: Partial denture, Paxil Disorder, Peptide Dose, Peritoneal Dialysis, Personality Disorder, Post Discovery, Procedure Delivery, Pulmonary Disease, Pupillary Distance

24) Фото: Principal Distance

25) Электроника: Phase-change Device, Power Density, Pre Damper

26) Вычислительная техника: Packetization Delay, page directory, process database, public domain, pulse driver, каталог страниц, Plug & Display (standard, LCD, VESA)

27) Нефть: plug down, proposed depth, proved & developed, pump displacement, total pressure drop in annulus, вероятность обнаружения (неисправности; probability of detection), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), предполагаемая глубина (proposed depth), процент обнаруженных неисправностей (percent detected)

28) Неврология: болезнь Паркинсона (Parkinson disease, нейродегенеративное заболевание головного мозга с преобладанием двигательных нарушений в виде общей скованности, замедленности движений, дрожания)

29) Онкология: Progressive disease

30) Связь: proportional/derivative

31) Банковское дело: вероятность дефолта (probability of default)

32) Транспорт: Paris Dakar, Port Director, Pump Diesel

33) Энергетика: (Partial Discharge) частичный разряд

34) СМИ: Pound Dog, Publication Date

35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: purchase department, Project Director

36) Образование: Pen Down, Pupil Distance

37) Микроэлектроника: photodiode( фотодиод)

38) Сетевые технологии: phase-change dual, phase-dual

39) ЕБРР: Procurement Department

40) Полимеры: pressure distillate, privileged direction

41) Автоматика: pitch diameter

42) Полупроводники: photoelectron diffraction

43) Океанография: Position Description

44) Медицинская техника: Power Doppler (УЗИ)

45) Макаров: physical development

46) Безопасность: Parallel Decode

47) Расширение файла: Performance Data

48) Нефть и газ: pump discharge, ДР ( доказанные разрабатываемые запасы) (Proven Developed reserves), ущерб для имущества и материалов

49) Электротехника: partial discharge, periodic duty, power divider

50) Имена и фамилии: Philip Dey

51) Должность: Pizza Delivery, Porch Dog, Private Detective, Program Director

52) Чат: Pretty Disappointing

53) NYSE. Phelps Dodge Corporation

54) Федеральное бюро расследований: Portland Field Office

55) Международная торговля: Project Delivery

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PD
12 PEP

1) Биология: phosphoenole pyruvate

2) Медицина: phosphoenolpyruvate, preejection period (период изоволюмического сокращения), Public Education Program, постконтактная (химио)профилактика (post-exposure (chemo)prophylaxis)

3) Американизм: Peace, Economy, Prosperity

4) Военный термин: Photographic Exploitation Products, Post Event Plan, Power Entry Panel, Production Engineering and Planning, Productivity Enhancement Program, performance evaluation and prediction, performance evaluation program, personnel exchange program, physical education program, plant equipment package, platform electronic package, platform evaluation program, point expanding projectile, power evaluation program, power extension plant, proficiency examination program, program element plan, program evaluation procedure, program evaluation process, promotion evaluation pattern

5) Техника: pentaethylphenol, performance enhancement program, peripheral entry panel, positron, electron, proton, power extension package, producibility engineering planning, productivity enhancement package, programmable entry panel, prosphoenole pyruvate, proton-electron-positron storage ring, prototyping, evaluation and programming system

6) Сельское хозяйство: Poultry & Egg Promotion, Poultry Expansion Program

7) Шутливое выражение: Python Enhancement Proposal

8) Химия: Physical Equivalent Practice

9) Строительство: Promotion of European Passive Houses

10) Бухгалтерия: Productivity Efficiency And Profits

11) Финансы: модель привязки валютных курсов стран-экспортеров к стоимости экспортируемого товара (Peg the Exprot Price, предложена в начале 2000-х годов Джеффри Франкелем (http://ksghome.harvard.edu/\PEPjfrankel/PEP%20Index-JPM.pdf)), политически значимое лицо (politically exposed person)

12) Телекоммуникации: Partitioned Emulation Program, Policy Enforcement Point

13) Сокращение: Peak Envelope Power, Political and Economic Planning, Post Exposure Prophylaxis (antibiotic treatment after exposure to biohazard), Productivity Enhancement Program (USA), Productivity Enhancement Project, productibility, engineering, planning, planar epitaxial passivated (transistor), Paternalistic, Economic, Participative (The three main motivational styles found in organizations and management.), Politically Exposed Person

14) Университет: Personal Elective Project, Personalized Education Plan, Pharmacology Education Partnership, Pre Engineering Program, Professional Experience Program, Project Exploration Program, Publications, Education, And Presentations

15) Физика: Pauli Exclusion Principle

16) Физиология: Positive Expiratory Pressure, Post Exposure Prophylaxis

17) Электроника: Parent And Educator Partnership, Providing For Exceptional Potential

18) Вычислительная техника: Polymer Electronic Printing, методика оценки программ, Personal Employee Portal (IBM), Personal Exam Prep (MS, ATEC), Python Enhancement Proposal (Python), Packetized Ensemble Protocol (Telebit)

19) Биохимия: Primate Equilibrium Platform

20) Банковское дело: программа льготной продажи акций служащим компании (personal equity plan)

21) Воздухоплавание: Propulsion and Energetics Panel

22) Фирменный знак: Precision Engine Parts, Professional Event Photography

23) Экология: Precipitation Enhancement Project, phosphorus elimination plant

24) СМИ: Publications Education And Presentation

25) Деловая лексика: Profit Enhancement Process, программа продажи акций служащим компании (personal equity plan)

26) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Performance Enhancement Plan

27) Образование: Parent Educator Partnership, Parents Educating Parents, Parents Educators And Publishers, Personal Education Plan, Personal Enrichment Program, Potentially English Proficient, Primary Enrichment Program, Public Education Partnership, Pupil Esteem Program

28) Инвестиции: personal equity plan

29) Сетевые технологии: Packet Encoding Protocol, протокол пакетного кодирования

30) ЕБРР: private equity plan

31) Автоматика: Precision Engineering Program

32) Контроль качества: product excellence program

33) Сахалин Р: Project Execution Plan

34) Расширение файла: Packet Exchange Protocol, Programme Evaluation Procedure

35) Эволюция: ПЭП, популярная эволюционная психология, popular evolutionary psychology

36) Электротехника: pulse effective power

37) Высокочастотная электроника: primary entry point

38) Должность: Personal Education Partner, Personal Efficiency Program, Positive Enhanced Performance, Professional Employer Panel

39) Чат: People Enjoying People, Pester Every Person

40) NYSE. Pepsico, Inc.

41) НАСА: Propellant Equilibrium Program

42) Клинические исследования: primary endpoint (основная конечная точка)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PEP
13 Pd

1) Общая лексика: Project Directorate (SEIC)

2) Компьютерная техника: Physical Device, Platform Dependent, Power Driver, Printer Driver

3) Медицина: прогрессирование заболевания (progression of the disease), protein D, фармакодинамика, перитонеальный диализ

4) Американизм: Proposed Determination, Pseudo Deadline

5) Спорт: Pure Determination

6) Военный термин: Personnel Directorate, Presidential Directive, Primary Detection, Probability of Damage, Process Data, paralyzing dose, passive detection, patrol duty, pay day, per diem, performance demonstration, personnel data, personnel department, personnel division, planning directive, planning document, plans division, point defense, point detonating, point of departure, port of debarkation, power distribution, power-driven, preference for duty, priority designator, priority directive, procurement data, procurement directive, procurement division, production department, professional development, project directive, project document, projected decision, projected display, property damage, proposal development, protective device, provisioning document, proximity detector, purchase description, пороговая токсодоза, Positive Deployment (Exercise Name), Point Detonation (Fuse), Program Director (or Directive)

7) Психиатрия: расстройство личности (personality disorder http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8)

8) Техника: percent detected, periodical, phase detector, photodesorption, photodiode, population density, population distribution, primary detectors, proportionally differential, pulse drive

9) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Density

10) Шутливое выражение: Pesky Demons

11) Химия: Positive Displacement

12) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density), положительно определённый (positive definite), распределение вероятностей (probability distribution)

13) Юридический термин: Pathetically Drunk, Permanent Disability, Public Document, Практическое руководство (Practice Direction) (http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.justice.gov.uk/civil/procrules_fin/menus/rules.htm)

14) Бухгалтерия: Partial Deduction

15) Страхование: Polar distance, physical damage

16) Ветеринария: Prairie Dog

17) Грубое выражение: Paper Doll

18) Оптика: perfect diffuser, prism diopter

19) Политика: Pro Death

20) Телекоммуникации: Propagation Delay, Protocol Discriminator

21) Сокращение: Participatory Design, Passive Defence, Periscope Depth, Phenyldichloroarsine (Chemical warfare blister agent), Pictorial Display, Police Department, Postal District, Pre-digital, Preliminary Design, Principal Directorate (UK), Product / Project Definition, Programme Director (UK), Pulse Duration, Pulse-Doppler (radar), Pulsed Doppler, pick up and delivery, pivoted door, position doubtful, preliminary data, privat-docent, probability of detection, punch die, Peripheral Device, pickup and delivery

22) Университет: Please Dad

23) Физиология: Partial denture, Paxil Disorder, Peptide Dose, Peritoneal Dialysis, Personality Disorder, Post Discovery, Procedure Delivery, Pulmonary Disease, Pupillary Distance

24) Фото: Principal Distance

25) Электроника: Phase-change Device, Power Density, Pre Damper

26) Вычислительная техника: Packetization Delay, page directory, process database, public domain, pulse driver, каталог страниц, Plug & Display (standard, LCD, VESA)

27) Нефть: plug down, proposed depth, proved & developed, pump displacement, total pressure drop in annulus, вероятность обнаружения (неисправности; probability of detection), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), предполагаемая глубина (proposed depth), процент обнаруженных неисправностей (percent detected)

28) Неврология: болезнь Паркинсона (Parkinson disease, нейродегенеративное заболевание головного мозга с преобладанием двигательных нарушений в виде общей скованности, замедленности движений, дрожания)

29) Онкология: Progressive disease

30) Связь: proportional/derivative

31) Банковское дело: вероятность дефолта (probability of default)

32) Транспорт: Paris Dakar, Port Director, Pump Diesel

33) Энергетика: (Partial Discharge) частичный разряд

34) СМИ: Pound Dog, Publication Date

35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: purchase department, Project Director

36) Образование: Pen Down, Pupil Distance

37) Микроэлектроника: photodiode( фотодиод)

38) Сетевые технологии: phase-change dual, phase-dual

39) ЕБРР: Procurement Department

40) Полимеры: pressure distillate, privileged direction

41) Автоматика: pitch diameter

42) Полупроводники: photoelectron diffraction

43) Океанография: Position Description

44) Медицинская техника: Power Doppler (УЗИ)

45) Макаров: physical development

46) Безопасность: Parallel Decode

47) Расширение файла: Performance Data

48) Нефть и газ: pump discharge, ДР ( доказанные разрабатываемые запасы) (Proven Developed reserves), ущерб для имущества и материалов

49) Электротехника: partial discharge, periodic duty, power divider

50) Имена и фамилии: Philip Dey

51) Должность: Pizza Delivery, Porch Dog, Private Detective, Program Director

52) Чат: Pretty Disappointing

53) NYSE. Phelps Dodge Corporation

54) Федеральное бюро расследований: Portland Field Office

55) Международная торговля: Project Delivery

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Pd
14 pd

1) Общая лексика: Project Directorate (SEIC)

2) Компьютерная техника: Physical Device, Platform Dependent, Power Driver, Printer Driver

3) Медицина: прогрессирование заболевания (progression of the disease), protein D, фармакодинамика, перитонеальный диализ

4) Американизм: Proposed Determination, Pseudo Deadline

5) Спорт: Pure Determination

6) Военный термин: Personnel Directorate, Presidential Directive, Primary Detection, Probability of Damage, Process Data, paralyzing dose, passive detection, patrol duty, pay day, per diem, performance demonstration, personnel data, personnel department, personnel division, planning directive, planning document, plans division, point defense, point detonating, point of departure, port of debarkation, power distribution, power-driven, preference for duty, priority designator, priority directive, procurement data, procurement directive, procurement division, production department, professional development, project directive, project document, projected decision, projected display, property damage, proposal development, protective device, provisioning document, proximity detector, purchase description, пороговая токсодоза, Positive Deployment (Exercise Name), Point Detonation (Fuse), Program Director (or Directive)

7) Психиатрия: расстройство личности (personality disorder http://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B9%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8)

8) Техника: percent detected, periodical, phase detector, photodesorption, photodiode, population density, population distribution, primary detectors, proportionally differential, pulse drive

9) Сельское хозяйство: Plant Density

10) Шутливое выражение: Pesky Demons

11) Химия: Positive Displacement

12) Математика: плотность вероятности (probability density), положительно определённый (positive definite), распределение вероятностей (probability distribution)

13) Юридический термин: Pathetically Drunk, Permanent Disability, Public Document, Практическое руководство (Practice Direction) (http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/+/http://www.justice.gov.uk/civil/procrules_fin/menus/rules.htm)

14) Бухгалтерия: Partial Deduction

15) Страхование: Polar distance, physical damage

16) Ветеринария: Prairie Dog

17) Грубое выражение: Paper Doll

18) Оптика: perfect diffuser, prism diopter

19) Политика: Pro Death

20) Телекоммуникации: Propagation Delay, Protocol Discriminator

21) Сокращение: Participatory Design, Passive Defence, Periscope Depth, Phenyldichloroarsine (Chemical warfare blister agent), Pictorial Display, Police Department, Postal District, Pre-digital, Preliminary Design, Principal Directorate (UK), Product / Project Definition, Programme Director (UK), Pulse Duration, Pulse-Doppler (radar), Pulsed Doppler, pick up and delivery, pivoted door, position doubtful, preliminary data, privat-docent, probability of detection, punch die, Peripheral Device, pickup and delivery

22) Университет: Please Dad

23) Физиология: Partial denture, Paxil Disorder, Peptide Dose, Peritoneal Dialysis, Personality Disorder, Post Discovery, Procedure Delivery, Pulmonary Disease, Pupillary Distance

24) Фото: Principal Distance

25) Электроника: Phase-change Device, Power Density, Pre Damper

26) Вычислительная техника: Packetization Delay, page directory, process database, public domain, pulse driver, каталог страниц, Plug & Display (standard, LCD, VESA)

27) Нефть: plug down, proposed depth, proved & developed, pump displacement, total pressure drop in annulus, вероятность обнаружения (неисправности; probability of detection), насосное оборудование (pumping equipment), предполагаемая глубина (proposed depth), процент обнаруженных неисправностей (percent detected)

28) Неврология: болезнь Паркинсона (Parkinson disease, нейродегенеративное заболевание головного мозга с преобладанием двигательных нарушений в виде общей скованности, замедленности движений, дрожания)

29) Онкология: Progressive disease

30) Связь: proportional/derivative

31) Банковское дело: вероятность дефолта (probability of default)

32) Транспорт: Paris Dakar, Port Director, Pump Diesel

33) Энергетика: (Partial Discharge) частичный разряд

34) СМИ: Pound Dog, Publication Date

35) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: purchase department, Project Director

36) Образование: Pen Down, Pupil Distance

37) Микроэлектроника: photodiode( фотодиод)

38) Сетевые технологии: phase-change dual, phase-dual

39) ЕБРР: Procurement Department

40) Полимеры: pressure distillate, privileged direction

41) Автоматика: pitch diameter

42) Полупроводники: photoelectron diffraction

43) Океанография: Position Description

44) Медицинская техника: Power Doppler (УЗИ)

45) Макаров: physical development

46) Безопасность: Parallel Decode

47) Расширение файла: Performance Data

48) Нефть и газ: pump discharge, ДР ( доказанные разрабатываемые запасы) (Proven Developed reserves), ущерб для имущества и материалов

49) Электротехника: partial discharge, periodic duty, power divider

50) Имена и фамилии: Philip Dey

51) Должность: Pizza Delivery, Porch Dog, Private Detective, Program Director

52) Чат: Pretty Disappointing

53) NYSE. Phelps Dodge Corporation

54) Федеральное бюро расследований: Portland Field Office

55) Международная торговля: Project Delivery

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > pd
15 pep

1) Биология: phosphoenole pyruvate

2) Медицина: phosphoenolpyruvate, preejection period (период изоволюмического сокращения), Public Education Program, постконтактная (химио)профилактика (post-exposure (chemo)prophylaxis)

3) Американизм: Peace, Economy, Prosperity

4) Военный термин: Photographic Exploitation Products, Post Event Plan, Power Entry Panel, Production Engineering and Planning, Productivity Enhancement Program, performance evaluation and prediction, performance evaluation program, personnel exchange program, physical education program, plant equipment package, platform electronic package, platform evaluation program, point expanding projectile, power evaluation program, power extension plant, proficiency examination program, program element plan, program evaluation procedure, program evaluation process, promotion evaluation pattern

5) Техника: pentaethylphenol, performance enhancement program, peripheral entry panel, positron, electron, proton, power extension package, producibility engineering planning, productivity enhancement package, programmable entry panel, prosphoenole pyruvate, proton-electron-positron storage ring, prototyping, evaluation and programming system

6) Сельское хозяйство: Poultry & Egg Promotion, Poultry Expansion Program

7) Шутливое выражение: Python Enhancement Proposal

8) Химия: Physical Equivalent Practice

9) Строительство: Promotion of European Passive Houses

10) Бухгалтерия: Productivity Efficiency And Profits

11) Финансы: модель привязки валютных курсов стран-экспортеров к стоимости экспортируемого товара (Peg the Exprot Price, предложена в начале 2000-х годов Джеффри Франкелем (http://ksghome.harvard.edu/\PEPjfrankel/PEP%20Index-JPM.pdf)), политически значимое лицо (politically exposed person)

12) Телекоммуникации: Partitioned Emulation Program, Policy Enforcement Point

13) Сокращение: Peak Envelope Power, Political and Economic Planning, Post Exposure Prophylaxis (antibiotic treatment after exposure to biohazard), Productivity Enhancement Program (USA), Productivity Enhancement Project, productibility, engineering, planning, planar epitaxial passivated (transistor), Paternalistic, Economic, Participative (The three main motivational styles found in organizations and management.), Politically Exposed Person

14) Университет: Personal Elective Project, Personalized Education Plan, Pharmacology Education Partnership, Pre Engineering Program, Professional Experience Program, Project Exploration Program, Publications, Education, And Presentations

15) Физика: Pauli Exclusion Principle

16) Физиология: Positive Expiratory Pressure, Post Exposure Prophylaxis

17) Электроника: Parent And Educator Partnership, Providing For Exceptional Potential

18) Вычислительная техника: Polymer Electronic Printing, методика оценки программ, Personal Employee Portal (IBM), Personal Exam Prep (MS, ATEC), Python Enhancement Proposal (Python), Packetized Ensemble Protocol (Telebit)

19) Биохимия: Primate Equilibrium Platform

20) Банковское дело: программа льготной продажи акций служащим компании (personal equity plan)

21) Воздухоплавание: Propulsion and Energetics Panel

22) Фирменный знак: Precision Engine Parts, Professional Event Photography

23) Экология: Precipitation Enhancement Project, phosphorus elimination plant

24) СМИ: Publications Education And Presentation

25) Деловая лексика: Profit Enhancement Process, программа продажи акций служащим компании (personal equity plan)

26) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Performance Enhancement Plan

27) Образование: Parent Educator Partnership, Parents Educating Parents, Parents Educators And Publishers, Personal Education Plan, Personal Enrichment Program, Potentially English Proficient, Primary Enrichment Program, Public Education Partnership, Pupil Esteem Program

28) Инвестиции: personal equity plan

29) Сетевые технологии: Packet Encoding Protocol, протокол пакетного кодирования

30) ЕБРР: private equity plan

31) Автоматика: Precision Engineering Program

32) Контроль качества: product excellence program

33) Сахалин Р: Project Execution Plan

34) Расширение файла: Packet Exchange Protocol, Programme Evaluation Procedure

35) Эволюция: ПЭП, популярная эволюционная психология, popular evolutionary psychology

36) Электротехника: pulse effective power

37) Высокочастотная электроника: primary entry point

38) Должность: Personal Education Partner, Personal Efficiency Program, Positive Enhanced Performance, Professional Employer Panel

39) Чат: People Enjoying People, Pester Every Person

40) NYSE. Pepsico, Inc.

41) НАСА: Propellant Equilibrium Program

42) Клинические исследования: primary endpoint (основная конечная точка)

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > pep
16 Torricelli, Evangelista

SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics

[br]

b. 15 October 1608 Faenza, Italy

d. 25 October 1647 Florence, Italy

[br]

Italian physicist, inventor of the mercury barometer and discoverer of atmospheric pressure.

[br]

Torricelli was the eldest child of a textile artisan. Between 1625 and 1626 he attended the Jesuit school at Faenza, where he showed such outstanding aptitude in mathematics and philosophy that his uncle was persuaded to send him to Rome to a school run by Benedetto Castelli, a mathematician and engineer and a former pupil of Galileo Galilei. Between 1630 and 1641, Torricelli was possibly Secretary to Giovanni Ciampoli, Galileo's friend and protector. In 1641 Torricelli wrote a treatise, De motugravium, amplifying Galileo's doctrine on the motion of projectiles, and Galileo accepted him as a pupil. On Galileo's death in 1642, he was appointed as mathematician and philosopher to the court of Grand Duke Ferdinando II of Tuscany. He remained in Florence until his early death in 1647, possibly from typhoid fever. He wrote a great number of mathematical papers on conic sections, the cycloid, the logarithmic curve and other subjects, which made him well known.

By 1642 Torricelli was producing good lenses for telescopes; he subsequently improved them, and attained near optical perfection. He also constructed a simple microscope with a small glass sphere as a lens. Galileo had looked at problems of raising water with suction pumps, and also with a siphon in 1630. Torricelli brought up the subject again in 1640 and later produced his most important invention, the barometer. He used mercury to fill a glass tube that was sealed at one end and inverted it. He found that the height of mercury in the tube adjusted itself to a well-defined level of about 76 cm (30 in.), higher than the free surface outside. He realized that this must be due to the pressure of the air on the outside surface and predicted that it would fall with increasing altitude. He thus demonstrated the pressure of the atmosphere and the existence of a vacuum on top of the mercury, publishing his findings in 1644. He later noticed that changes in the height of the mercury were related to changes in the weather.

[br]

Bibliography

1641, De motu gravium.

Further Reading

T.I.Williams (ed.), 1969, A Biographical Dictionary of Scientists, London: A. \& C.Black.

Chambers Concise Dictionary of Scientists, 1989, Cambridge.

A Dictionary of Scientific Biography, 1976, Vol. XIII, New York: C.Scribner's Sons.

A.Stowers, 1961–2, "Thomas Newcomen's first steam engine 250 years ago and the initial development of steam power", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 34 (provides an account of his mercury barometer).

W.E.Knowles Middleton, 1964, The History of the Barometer, Baltimore.

RLH

Biographical history of technology > Torricelli, Evangelista
17 PPO

1) Биология: 2, 5-dipheniloxasole

2) Военный термин: Pilot and Payload Operator, power projection overseas, principal priority officer, prior permission only, procurement planning officer, projected program objective, publications and printing office

3) Техника: push-pull output

4) Юридический термин: Personal Protection Order

5) Страхование: preferred provider organization, организация рекомендованных специалистов и лечебных учреждений (USA)

6) Биржевой термин: Public Price Offering

7) Грубое выражение: Pissing People Off, Preferred Provider Organ

8) Иммунология: pluripoietin

9) Воздухоплавание: Polyphenol Oxidase

10) Деловая лексика: Percentage Price Oscillator, Power Purchase Organization, судебный приказ о предоставлении личной охраны (personal protection order)

11) Образование: Pupil Performance Objective

12) Сетевые технологии: Personal Post Office

13) Полимеры: polyphenylene oxide, полифениленоксид

14) Расширение файла: PreProcessor output file, Precedence Partition and Outdegree

15) Растениеводство: протопорфириногеноксидаза

16) Аэропорты: Powell Point, Bahamas

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > PPO
18 drive

drive

A n

1 ( car journey) to go for a drive faire un tour (en voiture) ; to take sb for a drive emmener qn faire un tour ; to take the car for a drive faire un tour avec la voiture ; it's only five minutes' drive from here ce n'est qu'à cinq minutes d'ici en voiture ; it's a 40 km drive to the hospital il y a 40 km de route d'ici à l'hôpital ; it's an easy drive le trajet ne pose aucun problème ; it's a magnificent drive c'est un trajet magnifique ;

2 (campaign, effort) campagne f (against contre ; for, towards pour ; to do pour faire) ; ( military) offensive f ; sales drive campagne f de vente ;

3 (motivation, energy) dynamisme m, énergie f ; human drives instincts mpl humains ; the drive to win la volonté de vaincre ; her drive for perfection sa recherche acharnée de la perfection ;

4 Comput entraînement m de disques ;

5 Mech ( mechanism to transmit power) transmission f ;

6 ( path) ( of house) allée f ; the car is in ou on the drive la voiture est dans l'allée ;

7 Sport ( in golf) drive m ; ( in tennis) drive m, coup m droit.

B modif Mech [mechanism, system] de transmission.

C vtr ( prét drove, pp driven)

1 [driver] conduire [car, bus, van, train, passenger] ; piloter [racing car] ; transporter [cargo, load] ; parcourir [qch] (en voiture) [distance] ; what (car) do you drive? qu'est-ce que tu as comme voiture? to drive sb to school/to the station conduire qn à l'école/à la gare ; to drive tourists round town faire visiter la ville à des touristes ; she drove me home elle m'a reconduit chez moi ; he hates being driven il a horreur de se faire conduire ; I drive 15 km every day je fais 15 km en voiture chaque jour ; to drive sth into rentrer qch dans [garage, carpark, space] ; he drove his truck into a wall il a embouti un mur avec son camion ; he drove the car straight at me il a dirigé la voiture droit sur moi ; she drove her car over a cliff sa voiture s'est écrasée du haut d'une falaise ;

2 (force, compel) [poverty, greed, urge] pousser [person] (to do à faire) ; he was driven to suicide/to drink il a été poussé au suicide/à la boisson (by par) ; hunger drove him to it c'est la faim qui l'a poussé ; to be driven into debt être contraint à s'endetter ; to be driven out of business être conduit à la faillite ; to drive the rate up/down faire baisser/augmenter le taux ; to drive sb mad ou crazy ○ lit, fig rendre qn fou/folle or dingue ○ ;

3 ( chase or herd) conduire [herd, cattle] ; rabattre [game] ; flotter [logs] ; to drive sheep into a field conduire des moutons dans un champ ; to drive sb off one's land/out of her home chasser qn de son terrain/de chez elle ; he was driven from ou out of the country il a été chassé du pays ; to drive evil thoughts from one's mind écarter de mauvaises pensées de son esprit ;

4 (power, propel) actionner [engine, pump, fan] ; the generator is driven by steam le générateur fonctionne à la vapeur ; what drives the economy? quel est le moteur de l'économie? ; what drives you? qu'est-ce qui vous fait courir? ;

5 ( push) [tide, wind] pousser [boat, snow, rain, clouds, person] ; the wind drove the clouds along le vent chassait les nuages ; to drive a nail in(to) enfoncer un clou (dans) ; to drive a tunnel through sth percer un tunnel dans qch ; to drive a road through an area faire passer une route à travers une région ; to drive sth into sb's head fig faire rentrer qch dans la tête de qn ;

6 ( force to work hard) pousser [pupil, recruit] ; you're driving that child too hard tu pousses trop cet enfant ;

7 Sport ( in golf) envoyer [ball] ; ( in tennis) envoyer [qch] d'un coup droit [ball] ; to drive the ball into the rough ( in golf) envoyer son drive dans le rough.

D vi ( prét drove, pp driven)

1 Aut [driver] conduire ; can you drive? est-ce que tu sais conduire? ; will you drive? est-ce que tu peux conduire? ; he drives for Ferrari Sport il pilote pour Ferrari ; to drive along rouler ; I took pictures as we drove along j'ai pris des photos en route ; you can't drive along the High Street on n'a pas le droit de circuler dans la grand-rue ; to drive on the left/at 80 km per hour/on the main road rouler à gauche/à 80 km à l'heure/sur la grand-route ; to drive to work/to London aller au travail/à Londres en voiture ; to drive into entrer dans [garage, carpark, space] ; rentrer dans [tree, lamppost] ; I drove into a ditch je suis allé dans le fossé ; to drive up/down a hill monter/descendre une côte ; to drive past passer ; to drive at sb se diriger sur qn ; the taxi drove out of the station le taxi a quitté la gare ; you use a lot of petrol driving around town la conduite en ville consomme beaucoup d'essence ;

2 Sport ( in golf) driver ; ( in tennis) faire un drive.

E v refl to drive oneself

1 Aut conduire soi-même ; the Minister drives himself le Ministre conduit sa voiture lui-même ; to drive oneself to hospital se conduire soi-même à l'hôpital ;

2 ( push oneself) to drive oneself to do se forcer à faire ; to drive oneself too hard se surmener.

Phrasal verbs

■ drive away:

▶ drive away démarrer ;

▶ drive away [sth/sb], drive [sth/sb] away

1 Aut [driver] faire démarrer [vehicle] ;

2 ( get rid of) chasser, faire partir [wolves, insects] ; faire partir [tourists, visitors, thieves, clients] ; écarter [lover, friend] ; dissiper [doubt, suspicion] ; chasser [fear, cares].

■ drive at: what are you driving at? où veux-tu en venir?, que veux-tu dire?

■ drive back:

▶ drive back rentrer ; to drive there and back in one day faire l'aller-retour dans la même journée ;

▶ drive back [sth/sb], drive [sth/sb] back

1 ( repel) repousser [crowd, enemy, animals] ; we were driven back by bad weather le mauvais temps nous a fait rebrousser chemin ;

2 Aut ramener [car, passenger].

■ drive forward ( in football) attaquer.

■ drive off

1 Aut démarrer ;

2 Sport jouer le premier drive.

■ drive on:

▶ drive on ( continue) poursuivre sa route ; ( set off again) repartir ;

▶ drive [sb] on pousser ; to drive sb on to do pousser qn à faire.

■ drive out:

▶ drive out [sth/sb], drive [sth/sb] out chasser [people, invader, spirits, thought].

Big English-French dictionary > drive
19 Froude, William

SUBJECT AREA: Ports and shipping

[br]

b. 1810 Dartington, Devon, England

d. 4 May 1879 Simonstown, South Africa

[br]

English naval architect; pioneer of experimental ship-model research.

[br]

Froude was educated at a preparatory school at Buckfastleigh, and then at Westminster School, London, before entering Oriel College, Oxford, to read mathematics and classics. Between 1836 and 1838 he served as a pupil civil engineer, and then he joined the staff of Isambard Kingdom Brunel on various railway engineering projects in southern England, including the South Devon Atmospheric Railway. He retired from professional work in 1846 and lived with his invalid father at Dartington Parsonage. The next twenty years, while apparently unproductive, were important to Froude as he concentrated his mind on difficult mathematical and scientific problems. Froude married in 1839 and had five children, one of whom, Robert Edmund Froude (1846–1924), was to succeed him in later years in his research work for the Admiralty. Following the death of his father, Froude moved to Paignton, and there commenced his studies on the resistance of solid bodies moving through fluids. Initially these were with hulls towed through a house roof storage tank by wires taken over a pulley and attached to falling weights, but the work became more sophisticated and was conducted on ponds and the open water of a creek near Dartmouth. Froude published work on the rolling of ships in the second volume of the Transactions of the then new Institution of Naval Architects and through this became acquainted with Sir Edward Reed. This led in 1870 to the Admiralty's offer of £2,000 towards the cost of an experimental tank for ship models at Torquay. The tank was completed in 1872 and tests were carried out on the model of HMS Greyhound following full-scale towing trials which had commenced on the actual ship the previous year. From this Froude enunciated his Law of Comparisons, which defines the rules concerning the relationship of the power required to move geometrically similar floating bodies across fluids. It enabled naval architects to predict, from a study of a much less expensive and smaller model, the resistance to motion and the power required to move a full-size ship. The work in the tank led Froude to design a model-cutting machine, dynamometers and machinery for the accurate ruling of graph paper. Froude's work, and later that of his son, was prodigious and covered many fields of ship design, including powering, propulsion, rolling, steering and stability. In only six years he had stamped his academic authority on the new science of hydrodynamics, served on many national committees and corresponded with fellow researchers throughout the world. His health suffered and he sailed for South Africa to recuperate, but he contracted dysentery and died at Simonstown. He will be remembered for all time as one of the greatest "fathers" of naval architecture.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

FRS. Honorary LLD Glasgow University.

Bibliography

1955, The Papers of William Froude, London: Institution of Naval Architects (the Institution also published a memoir by Sir Westcott Abell and an evaluation of his work by Dr R.W.L. Gawn of the Royal Corps of Naval Constructors; this volume reprints all Froude's papers from the Institution of Naval Architects and other sources as diverse as the British Association, the Royal Society of Edinburgh and the Institution of Civil Engineers.

Further Reading

A.T.Crichton, 1990, "William and Robert Edmund Froude and the evolution of the ship model experimental tank", Transactions of the Newcomen Society 61:33–49.

FMW

Biographical history of technology > Froude, William
20 Stephenson, George

SUBJECT AREA: Land transport, Railways and locomotives

[br]

b. 9 June 1781 Wylam, Northumberland, England

d. 12 August 1848 Tapton House, Chesterfield, England

[br]

English engineer, "the father of railways".

[br]

George Stephenson was the son of the fireman of the pumping engine at Wylam colliery, and horses drew wagons of coal along the wooden rails of the Wylam wagonway past the house in which he was born and spent his earliest childhood. While still a child he worked as a cowherd, but soon moved to working at coal pits. At 17 years of age he showed sufficient mechanical talent to be placed in charge of a new pumping engine, and had already achieved a job more responsible than that of his father. Despite his position he was still illiterate, although he subsequently learned to read and write. He was largely self-educated.

In 1801 he was appointed Brakesman of the winding engine at Black Callerton pit, with responsibility for lowering the miners safely to their work. Then, about two years later, he became Brakesman of a new winding engine erected by Robert Hawthorn at Willington Quay on the Tyne. Returning collier brigs discharged ballast into wagons and the engine drew the wagons up an inclined plane to the top of "Ballast Hill" for their contents to be tipped; this was one of the earliest applications of steam power to transport, other than experimentally.

In 1804 Stephenson moved to West Moor pit, Killingworth, again as Brakesman. In 1811 he demonstrated his mechanical skill by successfully modifying a new and unsatisfactory atmospheric engine, a task that had defeated the efforts of others, to enable it to pump a drowned pit clear of water. The following year he was appointed Enginewright at Killingworth, in charge of the machinery in all the collieries of the "Grand Allies", the prominent coal-owning families of Wortley, Liddell and Bowes, with authorization also to work for others. He built many stationary engines and he closely examined locomotives of John Blenkinsop's type on the Kenton \& Coxlodge wagonway, as well as those of William Hedley at Wylam.

It was in 1813 that Sir Thomas Liddell requested George Stephenson to build a steam locomotive for the Killingworth wagonway: Blucher made its first trial run on 25 July 1814 and was based on Blenkinsop's locomotives, although it lacked their rack-and-pinion drive. George Stephenson is credited with building the first locomotive both to run on edge rails and be driven by adhesion, an arrangement that has been the conventional one ever since. Yet Blucher was far from perfect and over the next few years, while other engineers ignored the steam locomotive, Stephenson built a succession of them, each an improvement on the last.

During this period many lives were lost in coalmines from explosions of gas ignited by miners' lamps. By observation and experiment (sometimes at great personal risk) Stephenson invented a satisfactory safety lamp, working independently of the noted scientist Sir Humphry Davy who also invented such a lamp around the same time.

In 1817 George Stephenson designed his first locomotive for an outside customer, the Kilmarnock \& Troon Railway, and in 1819 he laid out the Hetton Colliery Railway in County Durham, for which his brother Robert was Resident Engineer. This was the first railway to be worked entirely without animal traction: it used inclined planes with stationary engines, self-acting inclined planes powered by gravity, and locomotives.

On 19 April 1821 Stephenson was introduced to Edward Pease, one of the main promoters of the Stockton \& Darlington Railway (S \& DR), which by coincidence received its Act of Parliament the same day. George Stephenson carried out a further survey, to improve the proposed line, and in this he was assisted by his 18-year-old son, Robert Stephenson, whom he had ensured received the theoretical education which he himself lacked. It is doubtful whether either could have succeeded without the other; together they were to make the steam railway practicable.

At George Stephenson's instance, much of the S \& DR was laid with wrought-iron rails recently developed by John Birkinshaw at Bedlington Ironworks, Morpeth. These were longer than cast-iron rails and were not brittle: they made a track well suited for locomotives. In June 1823 George and Robert Stephenson, with other partners, founded a firm in Newcastle upon Tyne to build locomotives and rolling stock and to do general engineering work: after its Managing Partner, the firm was called Robert Stephenson \& Co.

In 1824 the promoters of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway (L \& MR) invited George Stephenson to resurvey their proposed line in order to reduce opposition to it. William James, a wealthy land agent who had become a visionary protagonist of a national railway network and had seen Stephenson's locomotives at Killingworth, had promoted the L \& MR with some merchants of Liverpool and had carried out the first survey; however, he overreached himself in business and, shortly after the invitation to Stephenson, became bankrupt. In his own survey, however, George Stephenson lacked the assistance of his son Robert, who had left for South America, and he delegated much of the detailed work to incompetent assistants. During a devastating Parliamentary examination in the spring of 1825, much of his survey was shown to be seriously inaccurate and the L \& MR's application for an Act of Parliament was refused. The railway's promoters discharged Stephenson and had their line surveyed yet again, by C.B. Vignoles.

The Stockton \& Darlington Railway was, however, triumphantly opened in the presence of vast crowds in September 1825, with Stephenson himself driving the locomotive Locomotion, which had been built at Robert Stephenson \& Co.'s Newcastle works. Once the railway was at work, horse-drawn and gravity-powered traffic shared the line with locomotives: in 1828 Stephenson invented the horse dandy, a wagon at the back of a train in which a horse could travel over the gravity-operated stretches, instead of trotting behind.

Meanwhile, in May 1826, the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway had successfully obtained its Act of Parliament. Stephenson was appointed Engineer in June, and since he and Vignoles proved incompatible the latter left early in 1827. The railway was built by Stephenson and his staff, using direct labour. A considerable controversy arose c. 1828 over the motive power to be used: the traffic anticipated was too great for horses, but the performance of the reciprocal system of cable haulage developed by Benjamin Thompson appeared in many respects superior to that of contemporary locomotives. The company instituted a prize competition for a better locomotive and the Rainhill Trials were held in October 1829.

Robert Stephenson had been working on improved locomotive designs since his return from America in 1827, but it was the L \& MR's Treasurer, Henry Booth, who suggested the multi-tubular boiler to George Stephenson. This was incorporated into a locomotive built by Robert Stephenson for the trials: Rocket was entered by the three men in partnership. The other principal entrants were Novelty, entered by John Braithwaite and John Ericsson, and Sans Pareil, entered by Timothy Hackworth, but only Rocket, driven by George Stephenson, met all the organizers' demands; indeed, it far surpassed them and demonstrated the practicability of the long-distance steam railway. With the opening of the Liverpool \& Manchester Railway in 1830, the age of railways began.

Stephenson was active in many aspects. He advised on the construction of the Belgian State Railway, of which the Brussels-Malines section, opened in 1835, was the first all-steam railway on the European continent. In England, proposals to link the L \& MR with the Midlands had culminated in an Act of Parliament for the Grand Junction Railway in 1833: this was to run from Warrington, which was already linked to the L \& MR, to Birmingham. George Stephenson had been in charge of the surveys, and for the railway's construction he and J.U. Rastrick were initially Principal Engineers, with Stephenson's former pupil Joseph Locke under them; by 1835 both Stephenson and Rastrick had withdrawn and Locke was Engineer-in-Chief. Stephenson remained much in demand elsewhere: he was particularly associated with the construction of the North Midland Railway (Derby to Leeds) and related lines. He was active in many other places and carried out, for instance, preliminary surveys for the Chester \& Holyhead and Newcastle \& Berwick Railways, which were important links in the lines of communication between London and, respectively, Dublin and Edinburgh.

He eventually retired to Tapton House, Chesterfield, overlooking the North Midland. A man who was self-made (with great success) against colossal odds, he was ever reluctant, regrettably, to give others their due credit, although in retirement, immensely wealthy and full of honour, he was still able to mingle with people of all ranks.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

President, Institution of Mechanical Engineers, on its formation in 1847. Order of Leopold (Belgium) 1835. Stephenson refused both a knighthood and Fellowship of the Royal Society.

Bibliography

1815, jointly with Ralph Dodd, British patent no. 3,887 (locomotive drive by connecting rods directly to the wheels).

1817, jointly with William Losh, British patent no. 4,067 (steam springs for locomotives, and improvements to track).

Further Reading

L.T.C.Rolt, 1960, George and Robert Stephenson, Longman (the best modern biography; includes a bibliography).

S.Smiles, 1874, The Lives of George and Robert Stephenson, rev. edn, London (although sycophantic, this is probably the best nineteenthcentury biography).

PJGR

Biographical history of technology > Stephenson, George

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